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第１次インドシナ戦争の開始とベトナム
https://kyoritsu.repo.nii.ac.jp/records/2000724
https://kyoritsu.repo.nii.ac.jp/records/2000724e1dbbf8a-618f-4802-b4f2-775ab2a90397
| 名前 / ファイル | ライセンス | アクション |
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共立国際研究42_7terachi.pdf (1.9 MB)
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| Item type | 紀要論文 / Departmental Bulletin Paper(1) | |||||||||||||
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| 公開日 | 2025-03-10 | |||||||||||||
| タイトル | ||||||||||||||
| タイトル | 第１次インドシナ戦争の開始とベトナム | |||||||||||||
| 言語 | ja | |||||||||||||
| タイトル | ||||||||||||||
| タイトル | The Beginning of the First Indochina War in Vietnam | |||||||||||||
| 言語 | en | |||||||||||||
| 言語 | ||||||||||||||
| 言語 | jpn | |||||||||||||
| 資源タイプ | ||||||||||||||
| 資源タイプ識別子 | http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501 | |||||||||||||
| 資源タイプ | departmental bulletin paper | |||||||||||||
| 著者 |
寺地, 功次
× 寺地, 功次
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| 抄録 | ||||||||||||||
| 内容記述タイプ | Abstract | |||||||||||||
| 内容記述 | This paper looks into the origins of the outbreak of the First Indochina War in Vietnam in 1946. It particularly reexamines the events from the conclusion of the preliminary agreement between France and the Democratic Republic of Vietnam (DRV) on March 6, 1946, through the outbreak of the war on December 19, 1946. This study relies on some of the most recent studies on the topic which make use of newly-available primary sources in Vietnam as well as in France. In the preliminary agreement, France recognized the DRV as “a free state,” having its own government, parliament, army and treasury in the projected Federation of Indochina and French Union, while the DRV agreed to accept the stationing of 15,000 French forces in territories north of the 16th parallel. The French forces were supposed to withdraw after five years. The decision on the unification of Tonkin, Annan and Cochinchina was left to a referendum by the population. Unfortunately, the agreement did not have much meaningful substance from the start. The DRV interpreted “a free state” as meaning an independent sovereign state. But the French government did not interpret it as giving full independence to Vietnam. Most French leaders and politicians believed that the DRV was to be given a certain amount of autonomy along with Annan, Cochinchina, Laos and Cambodia as a member state within the Indochinese Federation and the French Union where France should keep its diplomatic and defense powers. As a result, the French and the DRV delegates could not reach any agreement during the negotiations held in Dalat and later in Fontainebleau during the summer. During the Fontainebleau negotiations, the French government allowed its high commissioner in Saigon to declare the establishment of the “Autonomous Republic of Cochinchina” without holding a referendum. The DRV government harshly criticized this as a violation of the March agreement. The stationing of the French forces in Tonkin also contributed to the worsening of the situation. They soon moved into major cities and routes and the French policy of unilaterally reestablishing its control in the north caused military clashes between the French and the Vietnamese. In November, France opened a customs house and tried to control export and import in Haiphong, infringing on Vietnamese sovereign rights. This invited a major military clash. The French used naval and aerial bombardment against the city and thousands of Vietnamese and Chinese residents died. Tensions heightened and military clashes increased in northern Vietnam. In Hanoi, the Vietnamese strengthened their defense and began preparing for clashes with the French. On December 18, the French issued an ultimatum -- disarm the militias in the city or the French will enforce order. On the night of December 19, the DRV forces began attacking the French. The French quickly retaliated and bombarded the city. They controlled most of Hanoi by early January. But the war in Indochina was to continue for another eight years. The DRV has long claimed that the French attacked first on the 19th. But we now know from some Vietnamese sources that the Vietnamese prepared defensive and attack plans in late 1946 and Ho Chi Minh and other DRV leaders discussed when to start their attack on the 19th. But one thing still seems to hold true as contemporary authors and recent scholars agree -- the Vietnamese may have attacked first, but the French policy and military actions during 1946 could not have failed to draw a full-scale attack from the Vietnamese. |
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| 言語 | en | |||||||||||||
| 書誌情報 |
ja : 共立国際研究 : 共立女子大学国際学部紀要 en : The Kyoritsu Journal of International Studies 巻 42, p. 141-157, 発行日 2025-03 |
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